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Fishing and poverty levels around Lake Victoria (Kenya) OceanDocs
Abila, R.O.; Omwega, R.N.; Lwenya, C..
Fishing is known to be one of the oldest occupations of mankind and in Lake Victoria (Kenya); it has been largely practiced at artisanal levels. Despite this, poverty amongst the fisher folk remains high. Why the fisher folk remain in perpetual poverty was the key research question for this study. Sampling was conducted on 12 landing beaches between June and August 2004. Data was obtained using survey questionnaires; personal interviews were made using open-ended questions and beach observations. Results from this study indicates that 179 fishers sampled earned an average income of Ksh. 107,063 each in a year with modal income of Ksh. 57,600 while in a day they earned an average income of Ksh. 518 each with modal income of Ksh. 200. Fishers perceived that...
Tipo: Proceedings Paper Palavras-chave: Fishing; Artisanal fishing; Lake fisheries; Socioeconomic aspects; Fishery economics; Public health; Malaria; Fishery management; Pricing.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1495
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GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOOD CROPS AND PUBLIC HEALTH Acta biol.Colomb.
ACOSTA,ORLANDO; CHAPARRO,ALEJANDRO.
The progress made in plant biotechnology has provided an opportunity to new food crops being developed having desirable traits for improving crop yield, reducing the use of agrochemicals and adding nutritional properties to staple crops. However, genetically modified (GM) crops have become a subject of intense debate in which opponents argue that GM crops represent a threat to individual freedom, the environment, public health and traditional economies. Despite the advances in food crop agriculture, the current world situation is still characterised by massive hunger and chronic malnutrition, representing a major public health problem. Biofortified GM crops have been considered an important and complementary strategy for delivering naturally-fortified...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Biofortification; Genetically modified food; Public health; Risk assessment.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-548X2008000300001
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Microbial quality of industrial and retail market grated parmesan cheese in the State of São Paulo, Brazil Ciência Rural
Aguilar,Carlos Eduardo Gamero; Rossi Junior,Oswaldo Durival; Vidal,Ana Maria Centola; Ribeiro,Laryssa Freitas; Rossi,Gabriel Augusto Marques.
ABSTRACT: With the objective to evaluate the hygienic and sanitary conditions of grated parmesan cheese acquired from the retail business, total 120 cheese samples were acquired: 60 of which were obtained from four different brands of cheese that were grated in factories, and the other 60 samples were obtained from another four brands of cheese that are normally acquired by retailers (supermarkets) in blocks and grated at the moment of sale. The population of heterotrophic mesophilic microorganisms ranged from 1.2×10³ to 1.1×107 colony-forming units (CFU)·g-1. All samples analyzed contained Staphylococcus spp. with populations varying from 1.2×10³ to 8.7×106CFU·g-1, from which 60.0% were classified as coagulase-positive Staphylococcus and 52.5% of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dairy; Food microbiology; Public health; Staphylococcus aureus.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016001202257
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The value of public health research and the division between basic vs. applied science BJID
Almeida-Filho,Naomar; Goldbaum,Moisés.
We question the movement towards exclusion of population and social health research from the field of science. The background under analysis is contemporary Brazil, where the scientific field that hosts this kind of research is known as Collective Health. First, the problem is formalized on logical grounds, evaluating the pertinence of considering unscientific the many objects and methods of public health research. Secondly, the cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and external causes are brought in as illustrations of the kind of scientific problem faced in health research today. The logical and epistemological basis of different forms of "scientific segregation" based on biomedical reductionism is analyzed, departing from three theses: (i) the ethics of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Public health; Collective health; Basic sciences; Applied sciences; Science and technology policy; Brazil.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000100010
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Co-Infection by Sarcoptes scabiei and Microsporum gypseum in Free-Ranging Crab-Eating Fox, Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766). BABT
Almeida,Jonatas Campos de; Leal,Carlos Adriano de Santana; Melo,Renata Pimentel Bandeira de; Albuquerque,Pedro Paulo Feitosa de; Pedrosa,Camila de Morais; Zermiani,Fabiana Correa; Farias,Roberto Citelli de; Mota,Rinaldo Aparecido.
ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical manifestation, treatment and outcome of a case of co- infection by Sarcoptes scabiei and Microsporum gypseum in Cerdocyon thous (crab-eating fox) from Northeastern Brazil.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dermatophytes; Public health; Sarcoptic mange; Wild canid; Zoonose.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132018000100313
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Abandonment of dogs in Latin America: review of literature MV&Z
Alves, Ana Julia Silva e; Guilloux, Aline Gil Alves; Zetun, Carolina Ballarini; Polo, Gina; Braga, Guilherme Basseto; Panachão, Ligia Issberner; Santos, Oswaldo; Dias, Ricardo Augusto.
The relinquishment of animals is frequent and common throughout all the Latin America, causing losses in the areas of public health, social, ecological, economic and animal welfare. Among the main causes of pet relinquishment are behavioral problems, lack of space in houses, the lifestyle of the owner, lack of information about the owner responsibilities and costs associated with the keeping of animals. The number of laws related to animal welfare has been growing, due to pressure from the civil population but abandoned animals are a problem of responsibility of all the society. The role of the veterinarian is to inform and educate their customers about the topic. Reduce the relinquishment animal is a public challenge with cultural and long-term solution,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dogs; Abandonment; Public health; Animal welfare; Latin America cães; Abandono; Saúde pública; Bem-estar animal; América Latina.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.revistamvez-crmvsp.com.br/index.php/recmvz/article/view/16221
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Low-cost options for reducing consumer health risks from farm to fork where crops are irrigated with polluted water in West Africa. AgEcon
Amoah, Philip; Keraita, Bernard; Akple, Maxwell; Drechsel, Pay; Abaidoo, Robert Clement; Konradsen, Flemming.
To identify interventions which reduce health risks of consumers where highly polluted irrigation water is used to irrigate vegetables in West Africa, scientists worked over 5 years with farmers, market traders and street food vendors in Ghana. The most promising low-cost interventions with high adoption potential were analyzed for their ability to reduce common levels of pathogens (counts of fecal coliforms and helminth eggs). The analysis showed the combination potential of various interventions, especially on-farm and during vegetable washing in line with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The tested market-based interventions were important to prevent new or additional contamination.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Urban agriculture; Consumers; Public health; Health hazards; Risk management; Vegetable growing; Wastewater irrigation; Irrigation methods; Irrigation practices; Wastewater treatment; Filtration; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108673
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Recherche par « RT-PCR » des virus enteriques chez des moules (<Mytilus galloprovincialis>) et des palourdes (<Ruditapes decussatus>) OceanDocs
Aouni, M.; Essebai El Amri, D..
Dans cette étude comparative, deux méthodes d'extraction de quatre types de virus entériques pathogènes pour l’homme (virus de l’hépatite A, l’astrovirus, le norovirus et l’entérovirus) contaminant des moules (Mytilus galloprovincialis) et des palourdes (Ruditapes decussatus) ont été évaluées par l’application de la technique « Perverse Transcriptase- Polymerase Chain Reaction : RT-PCR ». Les échantillons des mollusques bivalves analysés ont été prélevés entre le mois de mars 2000 et le mois de septembre 2001 dans différents sites naturels de la lagune de Bizerte et sans subir l’étape de purification. Les résultats obtenus montrent que le taux de détection des virus par RT-PCR est meilleur lorsque les virus sont extraits à partir de l’estomac et de...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Digestive system; Human food; Infectious diseases; Marine molluscs; Pathogens; Public health; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Ruditapes decussatus; Digestive system; Public health; Infectious diseases; Pathogens.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3755
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Tratamiento de aguas residuales con humedales artificiales en Tlapanaloya, municipio de Tequisquiac, Estado de México. Colegio de Postgraduados
Avelar Roblero, Juan Uriel.
La presente tesis tiene como objeto proponer, mostrar y validar una alternativa basada en el uso y acondicionamiento de humedales artificiales, para resolver el problema de salud pública y contaminación ambiental que genera la descarga de aguas residuales. El campo de estudio y evaluación fue la cabecera municipal de Hueypoxtla, Estado de México, cuyas aguas residuales vierten directamente al cauce del Río Salado, el cual cruza por la comunidad de Tlapanaloya, municipio de Tequisquiac, Estado de México. Además de realizar el diseño, se construyó el tren de tratamiento que incluye: pretratamiento mediante un desarenador y sedimentador preliminar; tratamiento primario mediante un sistema modificado de tanque Imhoff y el tratamiento secundario utilizando 6...
Palavras-chave: Salud pública; Contaminación ambiental; Humedales artificiales; Diseño; Construcción; Public health; Pollution; Constructed wetlands; Design; Built; Hidrociencias; Maestría.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/529
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Tratamiento de aguas residuales con humedales artificiales en Tlapanaloya, municipio de Tequisquiac, Estado de México. Colegio de Postgraduados
Avelar Roblero, Juan Uriel.
La presente tesis tiene como objeto proponer, mostrar y validar una alternativa basada en el uso y acondicionamiento de humedales artificiales, para resolver el problema de salud pública y contaminación ambiental que genera la descarga de aguas residuales. El campo de estudio y evaluación fue la cabecera municipal de Hueypoxtla, Estado de México, cuyas aguas residuales vierten directamente al cauce del Río Salado, el cual cruza por la comunidad de Tlapanaloya, municipio de Tequisquiac, Estado de México. Además de realizar el diseño, se construyó el tren de tratamiento que incluye: pretratamiento mediante un desarenador y sedimentador preliminar; tratamiento primario mediante un sistema modificado de tanque Imhoff y el tratamiento secundario utilizando 6...
Palavras-chave: Salud pública; Contaminación ambiental; Humedales artificiales; Diseño; Construcción; Public health; Pollution; Constructed wetlands; Design; Built; Hidrociencias; Maestría.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/529
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Impact of irrigation on poverty and environment in Ethiopia. Draft Proceeding of the Symposium and Exhibition held at Ghion Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 27th -29th November, 2007 AgEcon
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Loulseged, Makonnen; Yilma, Aster Denekew.
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Poverty; Crop management; Irrigated farming; Rainfed farming; Irrigation systems; Food security; Water harvesting; Institutions; Environmental effects; Public health; Malaria; GIS; Remote sensing; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118410
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An overview of antimicrobial resistance and its public health significance BJM
Balsalobre,Livia Carminato; Dropa,Milena; Matté,Maria Helena.
Multiple papers have been published regarding the bacterial resistance theme over the last years. A variety of information has reached general and scientific public, daily bringing up data on new resistant microorganisms, new drugs, outbreaks, epidemiological news, resistance gene dissemination, and the lack of information in a particular field has caught our attention: the public health department. Most of researchers, physicians and government employees interpret the public health field as a separate department, not linked to this antibiotic resistance era that we are living nowadays. In this paper we carefully tried to fill in the blanks between public health and the bacteria resistance issue, also considering historical, social, economical and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Antimicrobial resistance; Public health; Pre-antibiotic era.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822014000100001
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HIV/AIDS treatment and physicochemical quality control of medicines: evaluation of non-generic lamivudine + zidovudine tablets manufactured in Brazil BJID
Beck,Ruy Carlos Ruver; Athayde,Margareth Linde; Cardoso,Simone Gonçalves.
In this work it was evaluated the physicochemical quality of lamivudine + zidovudine tablets, whose association belongs to the list of drugs distributed by the Brazil's National Program on Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS. Four non-generic products (lamivudine + zidovudine tablets) were analyzed. They were obtained from different Brazilian manufacturers, besides a reference product. The quality was evaluated by physicochemical tests described in the official codes. A validated reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used for the assay of the active substances. All samples were in accordance to the requisites in relation to their physicochemical characteristics. Dissolution studies showed similar drug percentual...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Antiretroviral therapy; Quality control; Lamivudine; Public health; Tablets; Zidovudine.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000600003
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Etude de l'effet des facteurs du milieu sur la distribution des bactéries entériques dans la lagune de Bizerte (Nord-Tunisie) OceanDocs
Bejaoui, B.; Elbour, M.; Belhassen, M.; Mrouna, R.; Boukef, I.; Mejri, S.; Harzallah, A.; Boudabous, A..
La présente étude est effectuée dans le but d’évaluer l’effet des facteurs du milieu sur la distribution des populations bactériennes entériques dans un milieu lagunaire : la lagune de Bizerte. Un échantillonnage saisonnier, (novembre 2004, février 2005, mai 2005 et août 2005), portant sur 41 stations couvrant toute la lagune ont été réalisés. Les analyses bactériologiques effectuées ont concerné l’eau et le sédiment. Les paramètres physico-chimiques de l’eau ont été mesurés in-situ simultanément aux différents échantillonnages. Aussi, les paramètres climatiques ont été fournis par une station météorologique située à proximité de la lagune. Les résultats obtenus ont révélé que les charges en bactéries sont plus importantes dans les sédiments que dans...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Abiotic factors; Ecosystems; Geographical distribution; Pollution monitoring; Public health; Water quality.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4262
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Bilan des perturbations phytoplanctoniques observées sur les côtes françaises en 1986 ArchiMer
Belin, Catherine; Berthome, Jean-paul.
In 1986, 23 discolored waters were observed ; dinoflagellates often were the cause of them. Many developments of Prorocentrum minimum occured ; two of them were associated with shel1fishes mortalities. At contrary, other species which are suspected to be toxic for shellfishes, as Gyrodinium aureolum and Gyrodinium spirale, have not been associated with mortalities, although they have been observed in several areas. The developments of Dinophysis (cf. acuminata or sacculus) caused provisional prohibitions of shellfishes selling, especially in the south of Brittany. Another specie was also implicated in toxicities : Prorocentrum lima. Human intoxications and economic consequences were rather important.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Phytoplancton; Toxicité; Surveillance; Santé publique; Mollusque; Phytoplankton; Toxicity; Survey; Public health; Mollusc.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00094/20541/18206.pdf
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Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella Serovars Isolated From an Egg-Producing Region in Brazil Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Benevides,VP; Rubio,MS; Alves,LBR; Barbosa,FO; Souza,AIS; Almeida,AM; Casas,MRT; Guastalli,EAL; Soares,NM; Berchieri Jr,A.
ABSTRACT Fowl paratyphoid infections are caused by different Salmonella serovars that can affect a wide range of hosts. Due to its complex epidemiology, Salmonella serovar identification is crucial for the development and implementation of monitoring and control programs in poultry farms. Moreover, the characterization of the antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella strains isolated from livestock is relevant to public health because they are a common causative agent of foodborne diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of Salmonella spp. and to identify the antimicrobial resistance profiles of strains isolated in the midwestern region of São Paulo state, which accounts for the highest production of table eggs in Brazil....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Antimicrobial susceptibility; Foodborne disease; Salmonellosis; Multi-drug resistance; Public health.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2020000200319
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A rating system for oyster purification. Hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) application to purification of live oysters ArchiMer
Bird, P.
A Critical Hazard Analysis Rating (CHAR) based on the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) concept is used to monitor oyster purification in New South Wales (N.S.W.), Australia. Critical areas for assessment include oyster condition, separation of raw and treated oysters, water quality (turbidity, salinity, temperature, aeration, circulation), purification period, flow rate, steriliser efficiency and tank hydraulics. Batch records and product identification are included. Purification supplements a total management program for producing safe oysters. The rating can also be used to endorse oysters produced under industry self-regulatory, quality assurance programs. The four main CHAR areas are operational standards, quality assurance, public health...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Saccostrea commercialis; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Marine molluscs; Safety regulations; Public health; Self purification.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1607.pdf
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Current policy and status of DDT use for malaria control in Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya and South Africa. AgEcon
Biscoe, Melanie L.; Mutero, Clifford M.; Kramer, Randall A..
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Malaria; Waterborne diseases; Disease vectors; Public health; Policy; Ddt; Legal aspects; Pesticide residues; Case studies; Health Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92015
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Etude de l’effet des facteurs du milieu sur la distribution des bactéries entériques dans la lagune de Bizerte (nord -Tunisie) OceanDocs
Boukef, I.; El Bour, M.; Bejaoui, B.; Harzallah, A.; Belhassen, M.; Mrouana, R.; Mejri, S.; Boudabous, A..
La présente étude est effectuée dans le but d’évaluer l’effet des facteurs du milieu sur la distribution des populations bactériennes entériques dans un milieu lagunaire : la lagune de Bizerte. Un échantillonnage saisonnier, (novembre 2004, février 2005, mai 2005 et août 2005), portant sur 41 stations couvrant toute la lagune ont été réalisés. Les analyses bactériologiques effectuées ont concerné l’eau et le sédiment. Les paramètres physico-chimiques de l’eau ont été mesurés in-situ simultanément aux différents échantillonnages. Aussi, les paramètres climatiques ont été fournis par une station météorologique située à proximité de la lagune. Les résultats obtenus ont révélé que les charges en bactéries sont plus importantes dans les sédiments que dans...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Abiotic factors; Ecosystems; Geographical distribution; Pollution monitoring; Public health; Water quality; Geographical distribution; Ecosystems; Public health; Water quality; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5083; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2482; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6349; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16061.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3696
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Inadequacy of bacterial indicators for assessing elimination rates of viruses from molluscan shellfish ArchiMer
Burkhardt, W; Watkins, W; Rippey, S.
The reported incidence of shellfish-borne illness in the United States increased dramatically during the last decade. Most of the outbreaks are attributed to diseases of viral aetiology. These human health problems result primarily from the ingestion of raw shellfish which have accumulated enteric pathogens from environmental waters or from wet storage facilities. Our studies have demonstrated that hard-shelled clams concentrate different indicator micro-organisms at variable and unpredictable rates during the year. In temperate waters, this has been observed at two abbreviated periods in mid-spring and again in late fall when accumulation rates increased dramatically. Moreover, these rates were not generally coincident for viruses and bacteria. In...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Intestinal microflora; Phages; Seafood; Public health; Diseases; Marine molluscs; Viruses; Shellfish; Self purification; Bacteria; Indicator species.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1609.pdf
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